Banco Santander, S.A.
Banco Santander, S.A. provides various financial products and services to individuals, small and medium-sized enterprises, large corporations, and public entities worldwide. The company operates through five segments: Retail & Commercial Banking, Digital Consumer Bank, Corporate & Investment Bankin…
Banco Santander, S.A. provides various financial products and services to individuals, small and medium-sized enterprises, large corporations, and public entities worldwide. The company operates through five segments: Retail & Commercial Banking, Digital Consumer Bank, Corporate & Investment Banking, Wealth Management & Insurance, and Payments. It offers demand and time deposits, mutual funds, and current and savings accounts; mortgages, consumer finance, loans, and various financing solutions; and project finance, debt capital markets, global transaction banking, and corporate finance services. The company also provides credit and debit cards, real estate loans, microfinance, and auto loans; corporate and investment banking services; advice on mergers and acquisitions; wealth, asset, and risk management services; and digital payments and technology solutions. In addition, it is involved in the securitization, leasing, management of portfolios, e-commerce, air transport, aircraft rental, software, consulting, fund and investment management, renewable energy, vehicle rental, insurance, advertising, marketing, telemarketing, automotive, agricultural, factoring, securities brokerage and investment, pension fund management, trade intermediary, venture capital fund, renting, restaurant, electricity production, IT, internet, and financial advisory and other activities; management, and other real estate activities; and purchase and sale of vehicles. Further, the company offers mobile and online banking services. Banco Santander, S.A. was formerly known as Banco Santander Central Hispano SA and changed its name to Banco Santander, S.A. in February 2007. The company was incorporated in 1856 and is headquartered in Madrid, Spain.Looks undervalued
Why: Banks and insurers earn their money on their balance sheet, so value follows book value and how much the company earns on it (return on equity).
Details and the full model are below.
Market price below modeled range
Showing the FCFF (steady state) you selected on the company card, using 3% growth, 2.4% terminal growth and 9.6% discount. The range varies these assumptions slightly; it is illustrative, not investment advice. Low confidence: the modelled value is far from the market price, which usually means the model does not capture this company well (for example expected growth well above its history).
Assumptions: growth 3% (limited from 13.86% because the latest annual revenue declined), discount rate 9.60%, terminal growth 2.40%. See a worked example.
Blended growth assumption: 13.9% (sector default 5.4%, own revenue history 32.3%, analyst revenue consensus 8.9%).
5-year outlook: relative outlook of about 11.9% a year (Medium confidence), anchored to a 7% market return and adjusted for how this company ranks against others. A ranking aid, not a prediction. See the full forecast.
Analyst consensus expects revenue growth of 8.9% a year; the growth assumption used is 3.0%.
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Why this model: Banks and insurers earn their money on their balance sheet, so value follows book value and how much the company earns on it (return on equity).
Compare models- Recommended: Justified P/B (ROE) — EUR 10.86 (+0.8%)
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EPS-based Gordon proxy
— EUR 13.49 (+25.2%)
Not used: Treats all earnings as if paid out and ignores the cash kept for reinvestment, so it overstates value for companies that retain most profit.
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DCF (trailing free cash flow)
— EUR 71.98 (+568.3%)
Not used: Cash-flow models do not suit banks and insurers, whose cash flow is mostly funding and deposits.
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FCFF (steady state)
— EUR 70.05 (+550.4%)
Not used: Cash-flow models do not suit banks and insurers, whose cash flow is mostly funding and deposits.
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EV/EBITDA (12x)
— EUR 13.39 (+24.3%)
Not used: Used only when free cash flow is far below earnings even after averaging three years; a fixed 12x multiple also ignores sector differences.
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Fade DCF (10-year growth fade)
— EUR 71.90 (+567.6%)
Not used: Cash-flow models do not suit banks and insurers, whose cash flow is mostly funding and deposits.
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EV/Sales (Rule of 40)
— EUR 29.97 (+178.3%)
Not used: Used only for technology and communication companies whose cash-flow value is far below the price.
| Bear EUR 53.33 | 79.8% |
| Base EUR 70.05 | 84.6% |
| Bull EUR 99.63 | 89.2% |
Margin = (value − price) / value, so it is measured against the value and reads lower than the upside to value, which is measured against the price. Positive means the price is below that case.
Track record: see the methodology page for how this model has performed historically, including its limits. Treat it as a screen, not a forecast.
Price history and fair value
No chartable saved daily price history is available for this range. The chart uses stored EODHD prices only and will appear after history is saved.
More detail: quality, peers, price history, dividends and financials
Quality score: 76 / 100
Five equal checks on reported history: profitability, cash generation, revenue growth, balance sheet and margins. It describes business quality, not whether the price is attractive.
| Profitability | 5 of 5 years profitable | 20 / 20 |
| Cash generation | free cash flow positive in 4 of 5 years | 16 / 20 |
| Growth | revenue +32.3% a year | 20 / 20 |
| Balance sheet | net debt 2.9x EBITDA | 10 / 20 |
| Margins | EBITDA margin 18% | 10 / 20 |
Peers in Financials
Same-sector companies with a valuation, most undervalued first. Compare the margin of safety, yield and quality score side by side.
| Company | Price | Margin of safety | P/E | P/B | Yield | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAN.MC (this company) | EUR 10.77 | 0.8% | 11.4 | 1.6 | 2.1% | 76 |
| PSH.L Pershing Square Holdings, Ltd. | GBP 38.88 | 68.1% | 3.7 | 0.6 | 1.3% | 76 |
| LRE.L Lancashire Holdings Limited | GBP 6.89 | 45.5% | 7.1 | 1.6 | 3.3% | 76 |
| ACA.PA Credit Agricole S.A. | EUR 15.88 | 36.0% | 6.8 | 0.7 | 6.9% | 78 |
| PRU.L Prudential plc | GBP 9.29 | 33.9% | 8.1 | 1.6 | 1.9% | 78 |
| V Visa Inc. | USD 422.59 | 33.3% | 8.9 | – | 0.2% | 100 |
| AGS.BR ageas SA/NV | EUR 77.60 | 32.5% | 8.2 | 1.5 | 5.0% | 76 |
| SYF Synchrony Financial | USD 74.07 | 29.9% | 7.2 | 1.4 | 2.1% | 100 |
| NWG.L NatWest Group plc | GBP 5.92 | 29.6% | 8.3 | 1.3 | 4.9% | 88 |
| Peer median | 7.6 | 1.4 | ||||
Dividends
Paid in the last 12 months: EUR 0.25 per share · yield 2.34% at the current price.
| Year | Dividends per share |
|---|---|
| 2026 (so far) | 0.252 |
| 2025 | 0.225 |
| 2024 | 0.195 |
| 2023 | 0.141 |
| 2022 | 0.110 |
| 2021 | 0.076 |
Annual financial statement
Saved annual report · Fiscal year 2025 · EODHD annual statements · period ended 31 Dec 2025
| Revenue | EUR 119,385,000,000 |
|---|---|
| EBITDA | EUR 21,859,000,000 |
| EBIT | EUR 18,681,000,000 |
| Net income | EUR 14,101,000,000 |
| Free cash flow | EUR 77,677,000,000 |
| Capital expenditures | EUR 5,854,000,000 |
| Debt | EUR 520,747,000,000 |
| Cash | EUR 457,579,000,000 |
| Working capital | EUR 199,671,000,000 |
| Shares outstanding | 14,869,796,000 |
| Reported dividends per share | EUR 0.2247 |