Societe Generale S.A.
Société Générale Société anonyme provides banking and financial services to individuals, corporates, and institutional clients in Europe and internationally. It operates through French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance; International Retail, Mobility and Leasing Services; and Global Banking and…
Société Générale Société anonyme provides banking and financial services to individuals, corporates, and institutional clients in Europe and internationally. It operates through French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance; International Retail, Mobility and Leasing Services; and Global Banking and Investor Solutions. The company offers retail banking services, such as consumer credit, vehicle leasing and fleet management, online banking, wealth management, and equipment and vendor finance services; and insurance products, including home, vehicle, family, health, and mortgage insurance. It also provides corporate and investment banking, securities, clearing services, execution, prime brokerage, and custody services; and consumer finance, advisory and financing, and asset management and private banking services. Société Générale Société anonyme was incorporated in 1864 and is headquartered in Paris, France.Looks undervalued
Other models: EUR 109.97–555.46 (median 332.71). The recommended value is in line with them.
Why: Banks and insurers earn their money on their balance sheet, so value follows book value and how much the company earns on it (return on equity).
Details and the full model are below.
Market price below modeled range
Justified P/B (ROE) using Fiscal year 2025 net income and book equity: return on equity of 8.6% gives a fair price-to-book of 0.86x, with 2.4% growth (capped at the terminal rate) and 9.6% discount. The range varies growth and discount by 1 percentage point; it is illustrative, not a statistical confidence interval or investment advice.
Assumptions: growth 11.75%, discount rate 9.60%, terminal growth 2.40% (sector defaults). See a worked example.
Blended growth assumption: 11.8% (sector default 5.4%, own revenue history 35.3%, analyst revenue consensus 3.1%).
5-year outlook: relative outlook of about 11.1% a year (Medium confidence), anchored to a 7% market return and adjusted for how this company ranks against others. A ranking aid, not a prediction. See the full forecast.
Analyst consensus expects revenue growth of 3.2% a year; the growth assumption used is 11.8%.
Adjust assumptions
Why this model: Banks and insurers earn their money on their balance sheet, so value follows book value and how much the company earns on it (return on equity).
Compare models- Recommended: Justified P/B (ROE) — EUR 77.27 (+18.6%)
-
EPS-based Gordon proxy
— EUR 109.97 (+68.8%)
Not used: Treats all earnings as if paid out and ignores the cash kept for reinvestment, so it overstates value for companies that retain most profit.
-
DCF (trailing free cash flow)
— not applicable
Not used: Cannot be computed: free cash flow is zero or negative.
-
FCFF (steady state)
— not applicable
Not used: Cannot be computed: free cash flow is zero or negative.
-
EV/EBITDA (12x)
— EUR 555.46 (+752.9%)
Not used: Used only when free cash flow is far below earnings even after averaging three years; a fixed 12x multiple also ignores sector differences.
-
Fade DCF (10-year growth fade)
— not applicable
Not used: Cannot be computed: free cash flow is zero or negative.
-
EV/Sales (Rule of 40)
— EUR 1013.03 (+1455.4%)
Not used: Used only for technology and communication companies whose cash-flow value is far below the price.
| Bear EUR 70.29 | 7.3% |
| Base EUR 77.27 | 15.7% |
| Bull EUR 89.61 | 27.3% |
Margin = (value − price) / value, so it is measured against the value and reads lower than the upside to value, which is measured against the price. Positive means the price is below that case.
Track record: see the methodology page for how this model has performed historically, including its limits. Treat it as a screen, not a forecast.
Price history and fair value
No chartable saved daily price history is available for this range. The chart uses stored EODHD prices only and will appear after history is saved.
More detail: quality, peers, price history, dividends and financials
Quality score: 92 / 100
Five equal checks on reported history: profitability, cash generation, revenue growth, balance sheet and margins. It describes business quality, not whether the price is attractive.
| Profitability | 5 of 5 years profitable | 20 / 20 |
| Cash generation | free cash flow positive in 3 of 5 years | 12 / 20 |
| Growth | revenue +35.3% a year | 20 / 20 |
| Balance sheet | net cash | 20 / 20 |
| Margins | EBITDA margin 22% | 20 / 20 |
Peers in Financials
Same-sector companies with a valuation, most undervalued first. Compare the margin of safety, yield and quality score side by side.
| Company | Price | Margin of safety | P/E | P/B | Yield | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLE.PA (this company) | EUR 65.13 | 15.7% | 8.4 | 0.7 | – | 92 |
| PSH.L Pershing Square Holdings, Ltd. | GBP 38.88 | 68.2% | 3.7 | 0.6 | 1.3% | 76 |
| LRE.L Lancashire Holdings Limited | GBP 6.89 | 45.5% | 7.1 | 1.6 | 3.3% | 76 |
| ACA.PA Credit Agricole S.A. | EUR 15.88 | 36.0% | 6.8 | 0.7 | 6.9% | 78 |
| PRU.L Prudential plc | GBP 9.29 | 34.0% | 8.0 | 1.6 | 1.9% | 78 |
| V Visa Inc. | USD 422.59 | 33.3% | 8.9 | – | 0.2% | 100 |
| AGS.BR ageas SA/NV | EUR 77.60 | 32.5% | 8.2 | 1.5 | 5.0% | 76 |
| SYF Synchrony Financial | USD 74.07 | 29.9% | 7.2 | 1.4 | 2.1% | 100 |
| NWG.L NatWest Group plc | GBP 5.92 | 29.6% | 8.3 | 1.3 | 4.9% | 88 |
| Peer median | 7.6 | 1.4 | ||||
Dividends
Paid in the last 12 months: EUR 1.75 per share · yield 2.69% at the current price.
| Year | Dividends per share |
|---|---|
| 2026 (so far) | 1.750 |
| 2025 | 1.700 |
| 2024 | 0.900 |
| 2023 | 1.700 |
| 2022 | 1.650 |
| 2021 | 0.550 |
Annual financial statement
Saved annual report · Fiscal year 2025 · EODHD annual statements · period ended 31 Dec 2025
| Revenue | EUR 86,158,000,000 |
|---|---|
| EBITDA | EUR 19,090,000,000 |
| EBIT | EUR 8,803,000,000 |
| Net income | EUR 6,002,000,000 |
| Free cash flow | EUR -29,009,000,000 |
| Capital expenditures | EUR 9,361,000,000 |
| Debt | EUR 167,072,000,000 |
| Cash | EUR 369,173,000,000 |
| Working capital | EUR -363,808,000,000 |
| Shares outstanding | 776,255,000 |